Considerations
in Response to the Wet Spring and Summer
Keith
D. Johnson
Purdue
Forage Specialist
765-494-4800
The
following are tips to consider as you assess forage needs and forage crop health.
Feel free to contact me with questions or concerns.
Check
with your crop insurance and Farm Service Agency personnel to see if it
permissible to seed corn/soybean flooded spots in a field with annual forages
if the feed is needed.
If
seeding is permissible, review labels of the herbicides applied to confirm what
can be seeded without concern of carryover effects.
If
soil conditions will not allow seeding flooded spots by late July, I would
defer from seeding warm-season grasses like sorghum-sudangrass, sudangrass,
pearl millet, foxtail millet and tef to a mid-August seeding of spring oat.
Inclusion of a forage turnip might be considered if the acreage will be grazed.
In
the above list, tef and foxtail millet are more likely able to be dried for hay.
It is difficult to make dry hay in the fall because of shorter days and cooler
temperatures. Bale silage could be an alternative storage method to consider if
a bale wrapper or in-line tuber is owned or arranged for.
Assess
pasture and hay fields for plant damage caused by saturated soils. Dig up several
forage plants, especially those challenged by water and assess the wellbeing of
the roots and crown by cutting through the tissue. If there is little browning
and the integrity of the roots are firm, these would be a good signs.
Also,
take note of hoof action (pugging) damage to forages in pastures. Reduce
further damage if possible by grazing better drained pastures and paddocks
first. Come back to hoof-damaged areas in the field often to assess if forage
recovery is occurring. If permanent damage has occurred, plan on reseeding or
renovating the field.
Keep
in mind, that some alfalfa yellowing may be caused by the insect potato
leafhopper and not totally attributed to saturated soils.
If
grasses are nitrogen deficient, apply approximately 50 pounds of nitrogen per
acre. If the nitrogen fertilizer is applied to cool-season grass dominant
pastures by late August this should stimulate grass growth and provide more
late-in-the-year grazing days.
Sample
stored forages, hay and silage, for quality. Forage quality will likely not be
excellent for most this year, because of delayed harvest. Send the samples to a
forage testing laboratory and provide the results with a trained nutritionist
so rations can be formulated for your livestock. Details about forage testing
can be found at www.foragetesting.org
